May 2-6, 2016 is National Stand Down for Fall
Prevention, OSHA’s outreach campaign to raise awareness about fall
hazards in construction. Falls from elevation is a leading cause of
death in the construction industry, with 337 fatalities reported in
2014, but these deaths were preventable. Employers are encouraged to
conduct toolbox talks, safety equipment inspections, develop rescue
plans, and discuss job-specific hazards. Stand-Down reached more than
2.5 million workers in 2015, and this year OSHA hopes to reach 5
million, more than half of the construction workers in the U.S.
Fall
hazards are inherent in rigging, demolition, and dismantling. Workers
are regularly exposed to dangerous heights while working on roofs,
aerial lifts, and floors where no walls exist. Conditions constantly
change as projects proceed, so jobsites must be continually assessed and
safeguarded against fall hazards. In addition to administrative and
engineering controls such as signs, barricades, and guard rails, all
riggers and demolition team members working at elevations over 6 feet
must be equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) at
all times, and a fall protection plan should be in place.
Fall Protection PPE RequirementsIt
is important to inspect fall protection PPE for before each use. Belts,
harnesses and lanyards that have frayed edges, broken fibers, pulled
stitches, cuts or chemical damage should be replaced according to
guidelines. Check buckles, grommets, rivets, and other hardware for
looseness, distortion, cracks, dents, bends, rust, and sharp edges, and
repair or replace immediately as required.
Harnesses should be
properly fitted to each individual following manufacturer instructions,
and should be readjusted as needed. Choose the appropriate lanyard for
the application, and make sure they comply with ANSI standards.
Shock-absorbing lanyards, which elongate to slow a falling worker to a
stop to minimize impact force, and retractable lanyards, which lock up
during acceleration to arrest a fall, are the most common types.
Retractable lanyards should never be attached to an additional lanyard,
and overhead anchors should always be used. Lanyards should never be
wrapped around a structure or over railings.
It is imperative to
ensure good anchorage. Snaphook gate strengths are stamped on the gate,
and snaphooks and carabiners should be attached to compatible connection
points, with no part of the gate in contact with any metal. OSHA and
ANSI require fall-arrest anchor points to support a 5,000 lb. force
load, and fall restraint anchorages should support 1,000 lbs., or twice
the expected load.
Clearance and capacity should be calculated to
ensure that freefall is limited to 6 ft. or less, taking into account
deceleration distance, harness movement, and anchor-point stretch.
Capacity calculation should include the weight of the worker’s clothing
and tools. Swing risks should be minimized with overhead anchors and
limit offset to 30 degrees or less.
Finally, fall protection
plans should incorporate a rescue plan in the event a worker wearing a
harness falls. Even when PPE works as expected, suspension trauma, also
known as harness hang syndrome can set in quickly if a fallen worker is
suspended for an extended length of time.
R. Baker & Son
places the health, safety, and welfare of our employees and clients as
our top priority. All rigging and demolition team members, are
continually trained in all aspects of jobsite safety, including working
at elevation and fall protection. We are a frequent OSHA VPP Star
participant and maintain an ISNetworld A-rating.
R. Baker & Son - All Industrial Services1 Globe Court
Red Bank, NJ 07701
732-222-3553
http://www.rbaker.com
